Demoralization predicts suicidality in patients with cluster headache

Table 4 Demographics and Mental Health in Cluster Headache Patients

Demographics	All Cluster (n = 100)	Episodic (n = 56)	Chronic (n = 44)	p-value^a
Age (mean ± SD)	45.5 ± 12.3	43.9 ± 12.8	47.4 ± 11.5	0.14^b
Sex (male; n, %)	53/100 (53.0)	30/56 (53.6)	23/44 (52.3)	0.54^c
Race (Caucasian; n, %)	94/100 (94.0)	53/56 (94.6)	41/44 (93.2)	0.76^c
Lifetime Depression (n, %)^d	67/100 (67.0)	34/56 (60.7)	33/44 (75.0)	0.13^c
Demoralized^e	28/100 (28.0)	10/56 (17.9)	18/44 (40.9)	0.01^c
KDS	28.3 ± 19.7	23.3 ± 17.8	34.6 ± 20.4	0.005^c
Lifetime Suicide plan (n, %)^f	46/235 (19.6)	9/56 (16.1)	16/44 (36.4)	0.02^c
Lifetime Suicide attempt (n, %)^e	8/100 (8.0)	2/56 (3.6)	6/44 (13.6)	0.07^c
CH-QOL	63.1 ± 22.0	60.5 ± 21.9	66.4 ± 22.1	0.18^c

KDS Kissane Demoralization Scale, CH-QOL Cluster Headache Quality of Life Questionnaire score ^aComparing Cluster headache persons to Controls; superscript letter after p-value indicates type of test used; ^bStudent’s t-test; ^cChi Squared test; ^dLifetime Depression was determined by Brief Lifetime Depression Scale; ^eDemoralized was defined as fulfilling Demoralization diagnostic criteria for use in Psychosomatic research or KDS score ≥ 42; ^dLifetime suicide plan and lifetime suicide attempt was determined by Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire-Revisited

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