Demoralization predicts suicidality in patients with cluster headache

Table 2 Mental Health and Suicidality in Cluster Headache patients and controls

Demographics	Overall Cohort (n = 235)	Cluster Headache (n = 100)	Controls (n = 135)	p-value^a
Panic Disorder	16/235 (6.8)	12/100 (12.0)	4/135 (3.0)	0.007^c
Bipolar	19/235 (8.1)	15/100 (15.0%)	4/135 (3.0)	0.0008^c
Depression (n, %)^d	45/235 (19.1)	18/100 (18.0)	27/135 (20.0)	0.70^c
Current Antidepressant (n, %)	46/235 (19.6)	17/100 (17.0)	29/135 (21.5)	0.39^c
Lifetime Depression (n, %)^e	111/235 (47.2)	67/100 (67.0)	44/135 (32.6)	< 0.00001^c
Demoralized^f	49/235 (20.9)	28/100 (28.0)	21/135 (15.6)	0.02^c
KDS	22.9 ± 18.6	28.3 ± 19.7	18.9 ± 16.8	0.0002^b
Lifetime Suicide plan (n, %)^g	46/235 (19.6)	25/100 (25.0)	21/135 (15.6)	0.07^c
Lifetime Suicide attempt (n, %)^g	17/235 (7.2)	8/100 (8.0)	9/135 (6.7)	0.70^c
SBQ-R Score	5.3 ± 2.9	6.1 ± 3.1	4.7 ± 2.6	0.0003^b
SBQ-R High Risk Suicide	63/235 (26.8)	38/100 (38.0)	25/135 (18.5)	0.0009^c
C-SSRS: Passive Suicidal Ideation	146/235 (62.1)	59/100 (59.0)	47/135 (34.8)	0.0002^c
C-SSRS: Active Suicidal Ideation	83/235 (35.3)	47/100 (47.0)	36/135 (26.7)	0.001^c

SBQ-R Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire- Revised, C-SSRS Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale, KDS Kissane Demoralization Scale; ^aComparing Cluster headache persons to Controls; superscript letter after p-value indicates type of test used; ^bStudent’s t-test; ^cChi Squared test; ^dDepression was self-report; ^eLifetime Depression was determined by Brief Lifetime Depression Scale; ^fDemoralized was defined as fulfilling Demoralization diagnostic criteria for use in Psychosomatic research or KDS score ≥ 42;^gLifetime suicide plan and lifetime suicide attempt was determined by BSQ-R

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